The primary function of the State of Iowa Geological and Water Survey is to understand Iowa's geology and hydrology to provide the information needed to ensure that Iowa's natural resources are properly utilized and protected. It seeks to evaluate the status of groundwater, to determine the location of minerals and other energy resources and to understand how societal activities affect Iowa's natural resources.
The office is organized into four divisions: administrative services, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Geology and Groundwater Studies and Watershed Monitoring and Assessment.