In 2005, a team led by Ashok Gadgil, a scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, visited Darfur and saw firsthand the stoves that displaced families had to work with in trying to sustain themselves. They thought they could create something that would work better, so they set to work designing what would become the Berkeley-Darfur stove, a fuel efficient, cost effective stove designed especially for the needs of Darfur refugees. Since that time, they have distributed more than 15,000 stoves, though hundreds of thousands more are needed.